Branches Of The External Carotid Artery
Description
This section is from the book "Engravings Of The Arteries", by Charles Bell. Also available from Amazon: Engravings Of The Arteries; Illustrating The Anatomy Of The Human Body, And Serving As An Introduction To The Surgery Of The Arteries.
Branches Of The External Carotid Artery
1. The Lingual Artery.*
2. The Fascial Artery or Labial Artery.+
3. The Submental Artery.
4. The Upper and Lower Coronary Arteries.
5. The Inosculations of the extreme Branches of the Fascial Artery, with the Ophthalmic Artery.
* The Lingual Artery makes its great curve (being tortuous) immediately above the great horn of the os hyoides; it then passes under the mylo-hyoideus. Were it ever necessary to cut upon it here, let the extreme point of the os hyoides be the mark; for it turns just above it to pass under the mylohyoideus.
+ Fascial Artery, or Labialis, or Maxillaris Externa, or Angularis, often tortuous before rising over the jaw. This artery left untied in operation, almost suffocated the patient afterwards. See Abernethy's Surg. Observations.
6. The Occipital Artery.*
7. The place where it frequently sends down inosculations to the vertebral artery.
8. The Lesser Posterior Artery of the Ear.
9. A Branch sometimes called Posterior Temporal Artery.
10. Posterior Artery of the Ear.
11. The continued Branch of the External Carotid, or sometimes the Temporal Artery; it divides into the submaxillary and proper temporal artery.
12. The Internal Maxillary Artery. See the distribution of this artery in the next Plate, fig. I. 14, and fig. II.
* The Occipital is found immediately under the mastoid process, from under the insertion of the mastoid muscle; it runs backwards, on a level with the tip of the ear, under the insertion of the trapezius, and, of course, under the superior transverse ridge of the occipital bone, on the side of the neck. On the side of the neck, the internal jugular vein is immediately under it; it is also under the origin of the digastricus, and under the ninth pair of nerves.
13. The Transverse Artery of the Face.*
14. The Temporal Artery, dividing into anterior and posterior temporal arteries. There are other branches less superficial. The deep Temporal is a branch of the Internal Maxillary.
* This artery I have seen bleed very smartly. In cuts of the face, when this or any of the other arteries of the face are opened, we have only to use the twisted suture, taking pains to pass the needle so near the bleeding orifice that it may receive the full operation of the thread when twisted round the needle or pin. This secures the artery, and at the same time brings the lips of the wound neatly together.
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