The more carefully the fire is planned and built the more easily will the cooking be accomplished. The first thing to be considered in laying one of these fires is the

Fire-Dogs

Which in camp are the same as andirons in the open fire-places of our homes, and used for the same purpose. But domestic andirons are heavy steel bars usually with ornamental brass uprights in front and they would be most unhandy for one to carry upon a camping trip, while it would be the height of absurdity to think of taking andirons on a real hunting or exploring expedition. Therefore, we use green logs, sods or stones for fire-dogs in the wilderness. Frequently we have a back-log against which the fire-dog rests; this back log is shown in Fig. 91. In this particular case it acts both as a back log and a fire-dog. In the plan just above it (Fig. 92), there are two logs side by side which serve the double purpose of fire-dogs and for sides of the kitchen stove (Fig. 93). Fig. 94 shows sometimes called the round fire. The back is laid up log-cabin style and the front is left open. In the open enclosure the fire is built by sticks being laid up like those in Fig. 91. The logs on all three sides radiate the heat and when the meat is hung in front of this, suspended from the end of the saster (Fig. 743 1/2), it is easily and thoroughly roasted.

The Camp-Fire

Is built with an eye to two purposes: one is to reflect heat into the open tent in front, and the other is to so construct it that it may last a long time. When one builds a camp-fire one wants to be able to roll up in one's blanket and sleep with the comforting conviction that the fire will last until morning.

The camp-fire is made with two fire-dogs pushed back against a back log (Fig. 95A and B), which form the foundation for the camp-fire. Two upright green sticks C (Fig. 95) are placed in a slanting position and supported by other sticks, D (Fig. 95), the top ends of which rest in notches cut in C stick at E (Fig. 95), and the bottom ends of which are thrust into the ground. Against the upright sticks C, and the logs F are heaped to form the back of the fire. The fire is then built on the two fire-dogs AA, and against the F logs, the latter will burn slowly and at the same time reflect the heat into the open tent front. This same fire is sometimes used for a baking fire, but the real fire for this purpose is made by the