This section is from the book "Breeding, Training, Management, Diseases Of Dogs", by Francis Butler. Also available from Amazon: Breeding, training, management, diseases.
Worms are very annoying to Dogs of all breeds and ages, but are seldom fatal, after the teething-period. Puppies often come into the world, loaded with worms ; if not.they generally begin to suffer from them, before they have left off sucking. In puppies, worms nvay be detected by an enlargement and tightness ol the bowels, a weakness in the eyes, coldness of the ears, a restless movement from place to place, particularly after a meal. Sometimes they produce great pain and cause the animal to start up, continually uttering distressing cries, as though he were suddenly pricked with some pointed instrument. In dogs of maturer growth, the suffering does not appear to be very severe, but the annoyance generally reveals itself, by the animal dragging his hind parts along the ground, when the worms approach the rectum. He will grow lean without any apparent cause, will sometimes be ravenous and at other times refuse his food. Although I believe few full-grown animals fall victims to worms, yet they are a constant source of annoyance and destroy both the comfort and comeliness of the animal. As well nigh all dogs are more or less troubled with them, and as they may be destroyed without resorting to dangerous medicines, the necessary remedies may be applied, where there is suspicion of their presence. In young puppies, sometimes a few small doses of castor-oil will carry them off. Should this however, not suffice, other medicines must be resorted to. There are many excellent remedies for worms. The three following I consider all-sufficient: First, Cowage and Bitter Aloes. Second, finely powdered Glass, followed by a dose of Bitter Aloes the next morning. Steel-filings, followed by a dose of Aloes the next day. Try three successive doses of the first, every other morning on the animal fasting, if no improvement be visible, use the second in the same way, and if that does not give satisfaction, administer the third. Either of them may he mixed up in fat or suet, which the dog may be tempted to swallow, if the pill be wrapped in a piece of meat ; if not, he may be easily made to take it. Rubbing the bowels with spirits of turpentine is very good, but it should be rubbed in, till thoroughly dry. Puppies with worms should be kept warm and comfortable, as when wormy they are weak and chilly. There arc a variety of these worms : threadworms, tape worms, wire worms, flat-worms. The wire-worm, I have found the most troublesome and fatal ; they are an inch or so long, about the size of small twine, very hard, and sharp pointed at both ends. They collect in knots, impeding the passage of the foeces, and will often, if neglected, bore through into the cavity of the bowels, after which the animal will not long survive. I have opened many puppies, where the intestines have contained nothing but worms, proving that what should have nourished the animal had been completely absorbed by them. Cough is sometimes indicative of their presence, consequently may sometimes be relieved by the worm medicines. An emetic of common salt is a good beginning towards their destruction, as they often lodge in the stomach and sometimes creep out at the mouth and even through the nose. If a dog does not gain flesh on a reasonable allowance of food, he may be suspected of worms and treated accordingly Calomel, of course is a great worm cure, but I never use it, because I consider the remedy worse than the disease.
 
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