The cost of concrete walks varies from ten cents to twenty-five cents per square foot. A fair price for a walk of average quality where there are no special difficulties is twelve to eighteen cents per square foot.

As an instance of a walk built with special care, the one constructed about the top of the bank of the Forbes Hill Reservoir may be mentioned.1 The sub-base of this walk was of stone and twelve inches thick, the layer of concrete was five inches thick at the center of the walk and four inches at the sides. The top was of granolithic finish one inch in thickness. The walk was laid in separate blocks about six feet square. The average gang employed on the concrete consisted of six men and one team, while the finishing was done by two masons and one tender. The amount laid per day was about forty square yards. The Cost per square yard was as follows: —

1/3 cu. yd. stone in foundation or sub-base, at $.40 per cu. yd. . $0.133 Labor, placing stone at $1.50 per day...........502

Total Cost stone foundation per sq. yd. of walk . . . $0.635

.158 bbl. cement, at $1.53 per bbl. ...........$0,242

.065 cu. yd. sand, at $1.02 per cu. yd............066

.109 cu. yd. stone, at $1.57 per cu. yd............170

Labor, mixing and placing concrete............450

Total Cost concrete base per sq. yd......... $0.928

.11 bbl. cement, at $1.53 per bbl.............$0.168

.022 cu. yd. sand, at $1.02 per cu. yd............022

Lamp black ......................008

Labor, preparing and finishing surface...........149

Total Cost top dressing or wearing surface..... $0.347

Total Cost walk per sq. yd. (Materials $0.81, Labor 1.10)... $1.910

1 C. M. Saville, M. Am. Soc. C. E., Engineering News, March 13, 1902.

641. The following is given as an estimate of Cost of items in a walk built with six inch cinder sub-base, four inch concrete base and one inch top dressing.

Cost Per Sq. Yd. Of Walk Materials Labor

Preparation of foundation, excavation and ramming . . . $0.20

Sub-base, 6 in. cinders 1/6 cu. yd., at $0.40 cu. yd..... $0.07

Placing and ramming cinders............. 0.04

1/9 cu. yd. concrete, at $3.00 per cu. yd. for materials alone . 0.33

1/9 cu. yd. concrete, placing, at $1.80 per cu. yd...... 0.20

Top dressing 1/36 cu. yd. mortar, at $9.00 per cu. yd. . . . 0.25

Placing top dressing and finishing walk......... 0.25

Superintendence and molds.............. 0.10

Totals....................$0.65 $0.79

Total cost per sq. yd., $1.44, or 16 cents per sq. ft.

642. As an example of a low priced walk, the concrete walks in San Francisco 1 are but three inches thick, two and one-half inches of concrete composed of one part Portland cement, two parts beach gravel, and six parts of crushed rock of size not exceeding one inch; the top dressing being one-half inch thick of equal parts Portland cement and beach gravel. With cement $2.50 per bbl., crushed rock and gravel from $1.40 to $1.75 per cu. yd., and wages twenty cents an hour for laborers and forty cents for finishers, this walk is constructed at from nine to ten cents per square foot. It is stated that a gang of three or four men will lay 150 to 175 square feet per day.